Combustion device



- May 29, 1923, 1,456,748 s. B. WATERS COMBUSTION DEVICE Filed May 21 1921 2 Sheets-Sheeil 1.

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' May 29, 1923.

s. B. WATERS COMBUSTION DEVICE Filed Mayl 21, 1921 2 sheets-sheet 2 lPatented May 29, 1923.

UNIT'ED- STATES Isaumur.. B.' WATERS; yor ,'JoHNsTowN, PENNSYLVANIA.

CoMBsrIoN DEviem y f 'Application filed May ai, 1921. seriaiNo. 471,494.:` f'

Toalla/:hom it may concern: I Y Bezit known that I, VSAMUEL BQXVATERS, a citizen of the United States, residingat Johnstown,y in the .county of4 Cambria'and State of Pennsylvania, have invented anew and useful vImprovement inv Combustion Devices, of. which thefollowing isa full, clear, and exact description'. g;

My invention .relates toa. combustion device. and particularly toa type of suchdevice as applied'to boilers wherein the gases generated in the fire-box are, subject-edito efficient combustion in Ia combustion chambel'f ,;w.l., v.

An object of my invention is the provision of such a devicefwherein thecombustion is sufficiently complete `to eliminate smokeipl Another obj ect of my invention is the provision ofsuchadevice fwhereinthe coinbustion is socomplete Vas tomaterially increase the efficiency .ofthegheat-producing fuel.. w Y

A further object of-imy invention jisthe provision ofisuch-a device wherein an intermediate wall-is. arranged .to heat and con-` duct air or other oxygen-containing gas yinto contact with the combustible-'gases producedv in the fire box.

f Av further object of my invention is the provision of such a device wherein the-wall is composedfof refractory material 1n the form of blocks or unitshaving when assembled checkered passages through which the air is conducted from the ash pit and heated before mixing with the combustible gases.

Many other objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent to those verse in this art. u

My invention will be better understood by reading the following description and the accompanying illustrative drawings showing an apparatus embodying the principles of my invention and in which:

Figure l is a side view of a boiler partly in section with my invention applied thereto ;4

Figure 2 is a section in line' II-II of Figure 1 looking in the jdirection of the arrows Figure 3 is a perspective view of one of the refractory blocks or elements constitut-u ing the body of the wall; and

Figure 4; is a perspective view of the re-.

may be ofanydesired'v type or construction, i.

such -asl aseotional boiler as shown.

. The sections are provided with feed or circulationpipes-2 in the usual mannerfor supplyingV and :providing circulation for the waterwhich; is customarily used in such boilers. e i .2;

l.The boiler isprovided with fire box 3 hav-l ing al generating chamber and a secondary combustion chamber 4. Between the fire box and combustionchamber is alrefractorywall 5. This wall is'built. up of refractory blocks 6 of the type yshown in Figure "3.. These blocks maybe of .any Vsuitable `refractorymaterialor heat'resisting metal, 'suchas .cast iron. Each of these `blocks has side memfv bers 7 and. 8 and intermediate membersQ. The .members .9 .are set-apart toprovidea spacelO'and the endsof the'members? and 8 extend outwardly beyond the adjacent members 9, so that when two. of t-heblocks -6 are` set` end toendxa space lOfis provided be-` tween theblocks..k The sidemembers 7 and 8 lalso lextend above and: below the upper and flower edges of themembers 9 so that when two blocks 6 are set. one upon Aanother a spacegll. (Figurell) is provided `which communicates with/each of thefspacesk 10 throughout the -width ofthe wall'., .f-Tliese spaces 11.-.may .be termed headers. or/mani folds. Theblocks 6,.-as shownl'in'Fig'ure 2, are staggered relatively to eachl other according to the usual custom of laying bricks. This arrangementis provided for the purpose of giving strength tothe wall.

The wall 5 is built up according to the type of the boiler to separate the generating chamber from the secondary combustion, chamber, except through the opening 12. The wall l5 at the lower part of the opening 12 is capped off or provided-with refractory blocks preferably of the type shown in Fig-l ure 4. These blocks 6@ are substantially the same in construction as thatshown in Figure 3, except one side is chamfered off. These blocks as shown in Figure lare placed with the chamfered edge or side toward the4 secondary combustion chamber.

The wall 5 is carried by a wall support 13 which is placed in a position similar to the grate bars 14. yThis wall support is'provided with openings to permit air to pass through the plate into the wall 5 andv through the wall into they combustion chamber. n

The combustion chamber is separated from proper level with water and the fire is started in the fire box. The fire produces a considerable amount of heat due to the usual combustion therein. The combustion in the fire box or generating chamber, however, is not complete. The gases produced therein pass over the wall 5 into the secondary combustion chamber 4. As they pass over the top of the wall the air or other oxygen containing gas which comes through the ash pit into and through the wall 5, issues from the top of the wall and mixes with those gases in proportions having been predetermined soas to effect a complete combustion in the chamber 4. The wall 5,.after the boiler is in operation for a short while, becomes heated so that the air which issues from the top of the wall is heated to a substantial temperature, with the result that the combustib-le gases are not materially chilled as they enter the chamber 4. After the gases are eliiciently and completely burned in the chamber 4 the waste gases pass from the boiler through the exit connection 16.

The boiler is `provided with the usual doors and dampers and cooperating mechan ism which are so well known that they need no description. vIn fact such devices are different in different types of boilers.

My invention has many advantages. It is simple and easily applied not only to new boilers wherein provision .is made for its application in the manufacture of the boiler, but also to boilers not having myi invention therein when originally built; there are no moving parts and therefore nothing to require adjustment or repair as a result of which the maintenance and upkeep expense is insignicant; a substantial economy is effected in the fuel combustion in that the gases produced in the generating chamber are completely consumed; the air used to effect the complete combustion is heated to the proper `temperature before being mixed with the combustible gases which materially aids in the efficient operation of the device.

Many yother advantages will appear to those skilled in the art.

I have illustrated and described one type of boiler with my invention applied thereto, but I desire it to be understood that the boiler shown in the drawings is merely illus-l trative and I am not to be limited in any manner to any particular type of boileras my invention has wide application to boilsaid wall and used for conducting air into the fire box where it is mixed with the gases in the combustion chamber, substantially as described. v

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

SAMUEL B. VATERS. 

